It means you pay for the first 10MB you use on the plan, and any overage you use is at a per kbyte rate (can get quite expensive). It does NOT prevent you from going over.... and there isn't any way to check until you get the bill and spit coffee all over it.
If you're going to be surfing or IM'ing a lot, you'll want to the Unlimited plan. I can use up 10MB in 10 days, easy (but that's me

)